Media Pull RESTful API
The RESTful API for Media Pull enables you to inject an online media stream into the Agora channel as a live video source. After the injection succeeds, the online media stream automatically plays in the Agora channel, and remote users can see the content of the media stream.
Working principle
Injecting an online media stream into the Agora channel creates a Media Pull task (shown as "cloud player" in the rest of the article) in the Agora channel. You can control the cloud player through the RESTful API and accomplish the following functions for Media Pull:
Create
: Creates a cloud player in the project.Delete
: Destroys the cloud player in the project.List
: Queries and lists all the cloud players in the project.
Media Pull supports the following formats:
- Video codec formats: H.264, H.265, and VP9
- Audio codec formats: AAC and OPUS
- Protocols: HTTP, HTTPS, and RTMP
- Container formats: FLV, MP4, MPEG-TS, Matroska (MKV), and HLS
Authentication
The RESTful APIs require basic HTTP authentication. You need to set the Authorization
parameter in every HTTP request header. For how to get the value for Authorization, see RESTful API authentication.
Create API
This API creates a cloud player in the project.
HTTP request
Path parameters
appId
: (Required) String. Agora provides the App ID when you create a project in Agora Console. The App ID identifies each project.region
: (Required) String. The region that the cloud player was created in. Agora supports the creation of cloud players in different regions. Currently, it supports four regions:cn
: China Mainlandap
: Asia Pacificna
: North Americaeu
: EuropePlease ensure that the region you set is the same region as where your media stream originates is located.
Query parameters
A sample request URL when using query parameters:
streamIp
: (Optional) String. The IP address of the media stream's origin server. Must be a valid IPv4 address. Use this parameter to ensure the transmission quality of the media stream when the media stream is only available in some regions. Otherwise, ignore this parameter.
Request header
The request header contains the following fields:
Content-Type
:application/json
Authorization
: See Authentication instructions.X-Request-ID
: UUID (Universally Unique Identifier) to identify this request. After passing in the field, the SD-RTN™ returns it in the response header. Best practice is to use this field. If you do not pass in any value, the SD-RTN™ automatically generates a UUID to pass in.
Request body
If the status code is 2XX, the request succeeds. The response body is a JSON Object called player
, containing the following fields:
- You must set the cloud player's username, which can be Number type or String type. Otherwise, the cloud player cannot be created, and Agora's server returns the
400(Bad Request)
status code. Ensure that you have read How can I use a username in string type? when using a username in String type.- To avoid the failed request, do not pass
null
or""
in the required fields.
audioOptions
: (Optional) JSON Object. The audio transcoding configuration of the cloud player. Setting this field to empty or not set means that the audio is not transcoded.Profile
:Number. Audio profile. Sets the audio profile sample rate, bitrate, encoding mode, and the number of channels.0
: Default audio profile.- In the communication profile, the default audio profile represents a sample rate of 32 kHz, audio encoding, mono, and a bitrate of up to 18 Kbps.
- In the live broadcasting profile, the default audio profile represents a sample rate of 48 kHz, music encoding, mono, and a bitrate of up to 64 Kbps.
1
: SPEECH_STANDARD. A sample rate of 32 kHz, audio encoding, mono, and a bitrate of up to 18 Kbps.2
: MUSIC_STANDARD. A sample rate of 48 kHz, music encoding, mono, and a bitrate of up to 64 Kbps.3
: MUSIC_STANDARD_STEREO. A sample rate of 48 kHz, music encoding, stereo, and a bitrate of up to 80 Kbps.4
: MUSIC_HIGH_QUALITY. A sample rate of 48 kHz, music encoding, mono, and a bitrate of up to 96 Kbps.5
: MUSIC_HIGH_QUALITY_STEREO. A sample rate of 48 kHz, music encoding, stereo, and a bitrate of up to 128 Kbps.
videoOptions
: (Optional) JSON Object. The video transcoding configuration of the cloud player. Setting this field to empty or not set means that the video is not transcoded.width
: Number. The width (px) of the output video. The value range is [66,1920].height
: Number. The height (px) of the output video. The value range is [66,1080].widthHeightAdaption
: Bool. Whether to enable horizontal and vertical screen adaptive mode:true
: Enable portrait and landscape adaptive mode. After you enable the adaptive mode, if the source media stream is in landscape mode, the output video width and height are 1280 × 720; if the source media stream is in portrait mode, the output video width and height are 720 × 1280.false
: (Default) Do not enable portrait and landscape adaptive mode.
frameRate
: The frameRate (fps) of the output video. The value range is [1,30]. The default value is 15. For details, see Video profile table.bitrate
: Number. The bitrate (Kbps) of the output video. The value range is [1,10000]. For details, see Video profile table.codec
: String type. The encoding format of the output video. The following settings are supported:- VP9: Standard VP9.
- H.264: (Default) Standard H.264. If set to other value, the default is H.264 video encoding format.
fillMode
: String. The fill mode of the output video:fit
: (Default) Scales the video proportionally until it is fully displayed in the viewport.fill
: Scales the video proportionally until it fills the viewport.
streamUrl
: (Required) String. The RTMP/HTTP/HTTPS URL of the online media stream. The maximum length of this field is 1024 bytes.
To injetct an image to the Agora channel, set
streamUrl
to the URL of the image you want to inject, and the cloud player will convert the image to a video and inject it to the Agora channel. Images in JPEG and PNG formats are currently supported. You can set video transcoding parameters throughvideoOptions
.
-
channelName
: (Required) String. The channel name. The maximum length of this field is 64 bytes. Supported character scopes are:- All lowercase English letters: a to z.
- All uppercase English letters: A to Z.
- All numeric characters: 0 to 9.
- The space character.
- Punctuation characters and other symbols, including: "!", "#", "$", "%", "&", "(", ")", "+", "-", ":", ";", "<", "=", ".", ">", "?", "@", "[", "]", "^", "_", " , ", "|", "~", ",".
-
uid
: (Optional) Number. The User ID of the cloud player in the channel. The value ranges from 0 to (232-1). When passing in0
, Agora's server automatically assigns a User ID to the player.Ensure that the value is different from any other User IDs of other users and players in the channel.
-
account
: (Optional) String. The User Account of the cloud player in the channel. The maximum length of this field is 255 bytes. Ensure that you set this parameter and do not set it as null. Supported character scopes are:-
All lowercase English letters: a to z.
-
All uppercase English letters: A to Z.
-
All numeric characters: 0 to 9.
-
The space character.
-
Punctuation characters and other symbols, including: "!", "#", "$", "%", "&", "(", ")", "+", "-", ":", ";", "<", "=", ".", ">", "?", "@", "[", "]", "^", "_", " , ", "|", "~", ",".
Ensure that the value is different from any other User Accounts of other users and players in the channel.
-
-
token
: (Optional) String. The authentication token used by the cloud player in the channel. If you do not enable the App Certificate in Agora Console, ignore this field. If you enable the App Certificate in Agora Console, you must pass a value in this field:-
For low-security requirements: Use the temporary token generated in Agora Console. For details, see Generate an Video SDK temporary token.
-
For high-security requirements: Use the token generated at your server. For details, see Secure authentication with tokens.
When generating a token at your server, the value of
uid
oraccount
must be the same as the User ID or User Account of the cloud player, andprivilegeExpiredTs
is recommended to be0
to ensure that the token is valid for 24 hours at most.
-
-
idleTimeout
: (Optional) Number. The maximum length of time (in seconds) that the cloud player is idle. The "idle" state means that the media stream is not playing. When the idle state exceedsidleTimeout
, the cloud player is automatically destroyed. The value ranges from 5 to 600. The default value is 300. If the value is less than 5, Agora's server automatically adjusts it to 5; if the value is greater than 600, Agora's server automatically adjusts it to 600. -
playTs
: (Optional) Number. The Unix timestamp (in seconds) when the cloud player starts playing the online media stream. The value range of playTs is [createTs
-86400,createTs
+300]. The default value is 0, which means the cloud player starts playing the online media stream when the cloud player is successfully created. If the value ofplayTs
is not0
, the following behavior occurs: -
playTs
>createTs
: The cloud player starts playing the online media stream when the time isplayTs
. This is suitable for timing playback with other elements. -
playTs
<createTs
: If the online media stream is a live stream, the cloud player starts playing the live stream when the cloud player is successfully created. If the online media stream is an on-demand stream, the cloud player starts playing the online media stream at the specified time in the stream prior to the creation of the cloud player. This is suitable for error recovery. For example, if the cloud player experiences an error during operation, you can create a new cloud player and set theplayTs
field of new cloud player to the unix timestamp when the old cloud player started to play the online media stream. -
name
: (Optional) String. The name of the cloud player. The maximum length of this parameter is 64 bytes. Supported character scopes are:-
All lowercase English letters: a to z.
-
All uppercase English letters: A to Z.
-
All numeric characters: 0 to 9.
-
"-", "_".
name
is null if you do not pass any value. Multiple cloud players using null name parameters can exist in one project at the same time; multiple cloud players with the same name cannot exist in one project at the same time. When trying to create a cloud player with the same name as an existing cloud player in the project, you will receive the409(Conflict)
status code.
To avoid repeatedly creating multiple cloud players to inject the same online media stream into the same channel, use the
name
parameter to manage all the cloud players in your specified project. Agora recommends that you pass a value inname
using a combination of the channel name (channelName
) and the username (uid
oraccount
) of the cloud player, such asclass32_101
andclass33_teacher101
in the sample code. -
-
encryptMode
: (Optional) String. Encryption mode. Agora recommends using either theaes-128-gcm2
oraes-256-gcm2
encryption mode, both of which support adding a salt and are more secure. -
aes-128-xts
: 128-bit AES encryption, XTS mode. -
aes-256-xts
: 256-bit AES encryption, XTS mode. -
aes-128-ecb
: 128-bit AES encryption, ECB mode. -
sm4-128-ecb
: 128-bit SM4 encryption, ECB mode. -
aes-128-gcm
: 128-bit AES encryption, GCM mode. -
aes-256-gcm
: 256-bit AES encryption, GCM mode. -
aes-128-gcm2
: 128-bit AES encryption, GCM mode. Compared toaes-128-gcm
encryption mode,aes-128-gcm2
encryption mode is more secure and requires you to set the salt (encryptKdfSalt
). -
aes-256-gcm2
: 256-bit AES encryption, GCM mode. Compared toaes-256-gcm
encryption mode,aes-256-gcm2
encryption mode is more secure and requires you to set the salt (encryptKdfSalt
). -
encryptKey
: (Optional) String. Encryption key with unlimited length. Agora recommends using a 32-byte key.If you do not set an encryption key or set it as null, you cannot use the built-in encryption. -
encryptKdfSalt
: (Optional) String. The salt with the length of 32 bytes. Agora recommends using OpenSSL to generate the salt on your server. For details, see Secure channel encryption.This parameter is only valid when you set the encryption mode as aes-128-gcm2 or aes-256-gcm2. In this case, ensure that this parameter is not 0. -
repeatTime
: (Optional) Int. Number of media streams played. This parameter applies only to on-demand streams. It can be set to: -
1
: (Default) Plays a media resource once. -
-1
: Plays media resources in a loop. -
N
: User-defined number of media resources to be played. It is an integer and cannot be set to0
. -
seekPosition
: (Optional) Number. Specifies the playback position (seconds) of the on-demand file. The default value is 0, which means play from the beginning of the on-demand file. It must be less than the media resource duration. -
dataStreamOptions: (Optional) JSON Object. The data stream configuration, which is used to set the SEI information carried by the video frame. This parameter applies only to on-demand streams.
-
enable
: Set whether to inject the SEI information of Agora DataStream type.-
true
: Inject the SEI information of Agora DataStream type. -
false
: (Default) Do not inject the SEI information of Agora DataStream type. Agora DataStream is a data stream format of JSON type, the example is as follows:
-
HTTP response
For all possible response status codes, see Status codes.
Response header
The response header contains the following fields:
X-Request-ID
: UUID (Universally Unique Identifier) to identify this request. It is the same as theX-Request-ID
field in the request header. If the request fails, print out this value in the log for troubleshooting.
If you receive the
401(Unauthorized)
status code for this request, the response header does not contain the field.
X-Resource-ID
: UUID (Universally Unique Identifier) to identify the cloud player created by this request:- When the status code is 2XX, this value is the ID of the cloud player created by this request.
- When the status code is
409(Conflict)
, the name of the cloud player created by this request is duplicate with the name of other existing players in the project. This value is the ID of that existing player. Please check and modify the name of the cloud player created by this request. - When the status code is another value, this field is null and this request fails.
Response body
If the status code is 2XX, the request succeeds. The response body contains the following fields:
player
: JSON Object. Contains the following fields:uid
: Number. The User ID of the cloud player in the channel.account
: String. The User Account of the cloud player in the channel.id
: String. The ID of the cloud player. It is a UUID (Universally Unique Identifier) generated by Agora's server to identify the ID of the cloud player created.createTs
: Number. The Unix timestamp (in seconds) when creating the cloud player.status
: String. The state of the cloud player at runtime:"idle"
: The playback is not started."connecting"
: Agora's server is connecting to the address of the media stream or detecting the audio and video data."running"
: Playing."failed"
: Agora's server cannot connect to the address of the media stream, or the media stream cannot be played.
fields
: String. The field mask to represent a set of symbolic field paths. The field mask is encoded as a single string where paths are separated by a comma. It specifies a subset of fields that should be returned by this request. In the sample code usinguid
,fields
specifies that Agora's server returns theuid
,id
,createTs
, andstatus
fields. For details, see Google protobuf FieldMask.
If the status code is not 2XX, the request fails. The response body contains the message
field, which describes the detailed reason for the failure.
Request example
Media Pull without transcoding
Media Pull with transcoding
Response example
Delete API
This API destroys the cloud player in the project.
HTTP request
Path parameters
appId
: (Required) String. Agora provides the App ID when you create a project in Agora Console. The App ID identifies each project.id
: (Required) String. The ID of the cloud player.region
: (Required) String. Theregion
where the Player is created in.
Request header
-
Authorization
: See Authentication. -
X-Request-ID
: UUID (Universally Unique Identifier) to identify this request. After passing in the field, Agora's server returns it in the response header.Agora recommends using this field. If you do not pass in any value, Agora's server automatically generates a UUID to pass in.
HTTP response
For all possible response status codes, see Status codes.
Response header
The response header contains the following fields:
X-Request-ID
: UUID (Universally Unique Identifier) to identify this request. It is the same as theX-Request-ID
field in the request header. If the request fails, print out this value in the log for troubleshooting.
If you receive the
401(Unauthorized)
status code for this request, the response header does not contain the field.
X-Resource-ID
: UUID (Universally Unique Identifier) to identify the ID of the cloud player created by this request. The UUID is the same as the value in theid
path parameter.
Response body
-
If the status code is 2XX, the request succeeds. The response body is empty.
-
If the status code is not 2XX, the request fails. The response body contains the
message
field, which describes the detailed reason for the failure.
List API
This API queries and lists all the cloud players in the project.
HTTP request
Path parameters
appId
: (Required) String. Agora provides the App ID when you create a project in Agora Console. The App ID identifies each project.
Query parameters
A sample request URL when using query parameters:
-
filter
: (Optional) String. The filter. Agora's server only lists the cloud players that meet the filter criteria in the project. The current filter is the value ofchannelName
when creating the cloud player.Assuming the channel name is
class32
, replacefilter={filter}
in the sample request URL withfilter=channelName eq class32
; Assuming the channel name isbigclass
, replacefilter={filter}
in the sample request URL withfilter=channelName eq bigclass
.Spaces exist before and after
eq
and require URL encoding. -
pageSize
: (Optional) Number. The maximum number of cloud players to return on one page. The value ranges from 1 to 500. The default value is 200, which means that for a single page, Agora's server lists up to 200 cloud players if you do not pass in any value. -
pageToken
: (Optional) String. The page number to indicate the order of the pages. If you do not pass in any value, Agora's server returns to the first page.Recommended usage: When using the
List
API for the first time, do not pass any value in thepageToken
query parameter. You can get the query results of the first page and the value of thenextPageToken
field. The next time you use theList
API, pass this value in thepageToken
query parameter to query the cloud players on the next page.
After using the above parameters, Agora's server queries and lists the cloud players according to the following steps:
- Query the cloud players that meet the filter criteria in the specified project.
- Set the space size of each page.
- List the cloud players in the specified page.
Agora's server lists the cloud players in ascending order by
createTs
.
Request header
The request header contains the following fields:
-
Authorization
: See Authentication. -
X-Request-ID
: UUID (Universally Unique Identifier) to identify this request. After passing in the field, Agora's server returns it in the response header.Agora recommends using this field. If you do not pass in any value, Agora's server automatically generates a UUID to pass in.
HTTP response
For all possible response status codes, see Status codes.
Response header
-
X-Request-ID
: UUID (Universally Unique Identifier) to identify this request. It is the same as theX-Request-ID
field in the request header. If the request fails, print out this value in the log for troubleshooting.If you receive the
401(Unauthorized)
status code for this request, the response header does not contain the field.
Response body
If the status code is 2XX, the request succeeds. The response body contains the following fields:
-
totalSize
: Number. The number of cloud players that meet the filter criteria. -
players
: JSON Array. Contains the following fields:name
: String. The name of the cloud player.streamUrl
: String. The RTMP/HTTP/HTTPS URL of the online media stream.channelName
: String. The name of the Agora channel.uid
: Number. The User ID of the cloud player in the Agora channel.account
: String. The User Account of the cloud player in the Agora channel.id
: String. UUID (Universally Unique Identifier) to identify the cloud player created. It is the ID of the cloud player.createTs
: Number. The Unix timestamp (in seconds) when creating the cloud player.status
: String. The state of the cloud player at runtime:"idle"
: The playback is not started."connecting"
: Agora's server is connecting to the address of the media stream or detecting the audio and video data."running"
: Playing."failed"
: Agora's server cannot connect to the address of the media stream, or the media stream cannot be played.
-
fields
: String. The field mask to represent a set of symbolic field paths. The field mask is encoded as a single string where paths are separated by a comma. It specifies that Agora's server returns a subset of fields in each player in theplayers
array. In the sample code usinguid
,fields
specifies that Agora's server returns thename
,streamUrl
,channelName
,uid
,id
,createTs
, andstatus
fields in each player in theplayers
array. -
nextPageToken
: String. The next page number ofpageToken
. You can pass the value of thenextPageToken
field in thepageToken
query parameter when using theList
API next time. WhennextPageToken
is an empty string, there are no more players that match the request.
If the status code is not 2XX, the request fails. The response body contains the message
field, which describes the detailed reason for the failure.
Response example
Update API
Update the cloud player you specified in the project.
HTTP request
Path parameters
appId
: (Required) String. Agora provides the App ID when you create a project in Agora Console. The App ID identifies each project.id
: (Required) String. The ID of the cloud player.region
: (Required) String. Theregion
where the Player is created in.
Query parameters
sequence
: (Required) Number. The sequence number of the Update
request. The parameter needs to be greater than or equal to 0. Ensure that the sequence number of the subsequent Update
request is greater than the sequence number of the previous Update
request. The serial number ensures that the Agora server updates Converter with the latest configuration you specified.
Best practice is to fill
sequence
with0
when callingUpdate
for the first time. When callingUpdate
for the second time, fillsequence
with1
. When callingUpdate
for the third time, fillsequence
with2
. And so on. The Agora server updates cloud player according to the latestUpdate
request (that is, the highest serial number).
Request header
Authorization
: See Authentication instructions.X-Request-ID
: UUID (Universally Unique Identifier) to identify this request. After passing in the field, Agora's server returns it in the response header.
Request body
You can update the following fields at the same time:
streamUrl
-
isPause
-
audioOptions
-
audioOptions.volume
-
seekPosition
-
isPause
: Bool. Whether to pause the playback of the media stream source file: -
true
: Pauses playback of the media stream source file. -
false
:(Default) Plays the media stream source file. -
audioOptions.volume
: Int. The volume of the cloud player. The value range is [0,200]. The default is 100, which represents the original volume.
For the details of other fields, see Create request body.
HTTP response
For all possible response status codes, see Status codes.
Response header
X-Request-ID
: UUID (Universally Unique Identifier) to identify this request. It is the same as theX-Request-ID
field in the request header. If the request fails, print out this value in the log for troubleshooting.
If the status code is not 2XX, the response header does not contain the field.
X-Resource-ID
: UUID (Universally Unique Identifier) to identify the ID of the cloud player created by this request. The UUID is the same as the value in theid
path parameter.
Response body
- If the status code is 2XX, the request succeeds. The response body is empty.
- If the status code is not 2XX, the request fails. The response body contains the
message
field, which describes the detailed reason for the failure.
Request example
Rate limits
Do not exceed the API rate limits, otherwise you receive the 429(Too Many Requests)
status code.
API | Rate limit |
---|---|
Create | name , the maximum rate of creating each cloud player with a different name is 2 times per second.name is 50 times per second. |
Delete | In a project, the maximum rate of destroying a cloud player is 100 times per second. |
List | filter (channelName ) is 2 times per second and 15 times per minute.filter (channelName ) is 10 times per second and 20 times per minute. |
Status codes
- If the status code is 2XX, the request succeeds.
- If the status code is not 2XX, the request fails. Use the
message
field in the response body for troubleshooting.
Status code | Possible message field |
---|---|
200 OK | / |
400 Bad Request | |
401 Unauthorized | Invalid authentication credentials. |
403 Forbidden | |
404 Not Found | Resource is not found and destroyed. |
409 Conflict | Resource with the same name already exists. |
429 Too Many Requests | |
500 Unknown | Some internal error happened. Contact us to help fix it. |
503 Service Unavailable | |
504 Gateway Timeout | Gateway timeout. Query to check whether the player has been created, or to create another one instead. |
RESTful API callback service
After using these RESTful APIs, Agora's notification server sends the callback notification to your server through HTTP or HTTPS request. For details, see Message Notification Service.
Considerations
This section summarizes some important considerations when using the Media Pull RESTful API.
Item | Impact |
---|---|
Ensure that the channel profile is set as LIVE_BROADCASTING . | ★★★☆☆ |
If the channel needs only one cloud player, ensure that you have set the name parameter. For details, see the description of name . | ★★★☆☆ |
If the channel needs more than one cloud player, ensure that each player has a unique user ID/account. For details, see the description of uid and account . | ★★★★★ |
Please ensure that the region you set is the same region as where your media stream originates is located. For details, see the description of region . | ★★★★★ |
The cloud player may be deleted automatically due to server errors. Agora recommends that you enable the Message Notification Service to listen for events of Media Pull. For details, see the Media Pull Message Notification Server. | ★★★★★ |
When using the List API, the players field in the response body might only include id , name , and CreateTs . Ensure that your app logic can handle this situation. | ★★★★★ |
If using the Create or Delete API results in a status code of 504 Gateway Timeout , call the List API to query the actual state of the cloud player to make sure an unmanaged cloud player does not exist. | ★★★☆☆ |
If your request fails, ensure that you print out the X-Request-ID and X-Resource-ID fields in the response header in the log for later use in troubleshooting. | ★★★☆☆ |
After creating a cloud player and receiving a response message, you need to wait about 10 seconds before using the List method to query, otherwise you may not get any information. | ★★★☆☆ |
The default maximum number of concurrent tasks is 20, which means that a maximum of 20 Media Pull tasks are allowed to run simultaneously for each project. You can contact support@agora.io to get a higher quota. | ★★★★☆ |